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[R] Cochrane review

1. Education interventions for adults who attend the emergency room for acute asthma  [R]
2. Indigenous healthcare worker involvement for Indigenous adults and children with asthma  [R]
3. Interventions to improve management and health outcomes for children and adults with asthma who present to the emergency department  [P]
4. Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation for treatment of respiratory failure due to severe acute exacerbations of asthma  [R]  [S]
5. Oxygen versus air for nebulising beta-agonist bronchodilators in acute asthma  [P]
6. Remediating buildings damaged by dampness and mould for preventing respiratory tract symptoms, infections and asthma  [P]
7. Workplace interventions for treatment of occupational asthma  [P]
8. Written emotional disclosure for asthma  [P]

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Corticosteroid Therapy: 

1. Corticosteroids for hospitalised children with acute asthma  [R] [s]

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Bronchodilator Therapy: 

1. Anti-cholinergic therapy for acute asthma in children  [P]
2. Combined inhaled anticholinergics and beta2-agonists for initial treatment of acute asthma in children  [R]
3. Commercial versus home-made spacers in delivering bronchodilator therapy for acute therapy in children  [R]
4. Inhaled sodium cromoglycate for asthma in children  [R]
5. Intravenous aminophylline for acute severe asthma in children over two years receiving inhaled bronchodilators  [R]

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Other: 

1. Mono and multifaceted inhalant and/or food allergen reduction interventions for preventing asthma in children at high risk of developing asthma  [R]

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1. Azathioprine as an oral corticosteroid sparing agent for asthma  [R]
2. Corticosteroids for acute severe asthma in hospitalised patients  [R]
3. Corticosteroids for preventing relapse following acute exacerbations of asthma  [R]
4. Early emergency department treatment of acute asthma with systemic corticosteroids  [R]
5. Early use of inhaled corticosteroids in the emergency department treatment of acute asthma  [R]  [s]
6. Inhaled steroids for acute asthma following emergency department discharge  [R]
7. Oral and systemic steroids at different doses for acute asthma in hospitalised children  [P]
8. Parent-initiated oral corticosteroid therapy for intermittent wheezing illnesses in children  [R]

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Bronchodilator Therapy: 

1. Addition of intravenous aminophylline to beta2-agonists in adults with acute asthma  [R]
2. Addition of long-acting beta2-agonists to inhaled corticosteroids versus same dose inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma in adults and children  [R]
3. Continuous versus intermittent beta-agonists for acute asthma  [R] [s]
4. Holding chambers (spacers) versus nebulisers for beta-agonist treatment of acute asthma  [R]  [S]
5. Inhaled beta2-agonist and anticholinergic agents for emergency management of asthma in adults  [P]
6. Inhaled beta2-agonists for asthma in mechanically ventilated patients  [R]
7. Intravenous beta2-agonists for acute asthma in the emergency department   [R]

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Delivery of therapy:

1. Antibiotics for acute asthma  [R]
2. Holding chambers versus nebulisers for beta-agonist treatment of acute asthma  [R]  [s]
3. Magnesium sulfate for treating exacerbations of acute asthma in the emergency department  [R]
4. Oxygen versus air for nebulising beta-agonist bronchodilators in acute asthma  [P]

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Other:

1. Antibiotics for acute asthma  [R]
2. Heliox for nonintubated acute asthma patients  [R] [s]
3. Inhaled magnesium sulfate in the treatment of acute asthma  [R]  [S]
4. Leucotriene receptor antagonists in addition to usual care for acute asthma in adults and children  [P]
5. Magnesium sulfate for treating exacerbations of acute asthma in the emergency department  [R]
6. Pneumococcal vaccine for asthma  [R]

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1. Heliox for non-intubated acute asthma patients  [R]
2. House dust mite control measures for asthma  [R]
3. Humidification of inspired air in exercise-induced asthma  [P]
4. Humidity control for chronic asthma  [R]
5. Ionisers for chronic asthma  [R]  [s]
6. Pet allergen control measures for allergic asthma in children and adults  [R] [s]

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Breathing exercise and therapy:

1. Breathing exercises for asthma  [R] [s]
2. Inspiratory muscle training for asthma  [R] [s]
3. Manual therapy for asthma  [R]  [S]
4. Physical training for asthma  [R]

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Education, Self Management and Specialist Clinics:

1. Culture-specific programs for children and adults from minority groups who have asthma  [R]
2. Educational interventions for asthma in children  [R] [s]
3. Home-based educational interventions for children with asthma  [P]
4. Interventions for educating children who are at risk of asthma-related emergency department attendance  [R]
5. Limited (information only) patient education programs for adults with asthma  [R]
6. Options for self-management education for adults with asthma  [R] [s]
7. Primary care based clinics for asthma  [R]
8. School-based self-management educational interventions for asthma in children and adolescents  [P]
9. Self-management education and regular practitioner review for adults with asthma  [R] [s]
10. Tailored interventions based on sputum eosinophils versus clinical symptoms for asthma in children and adults  [R]
11. Written individualised management plans for asthma in children and adults  [R]  [S]

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Psychotherapy:

1. Family therapy for asthma in children  [R]  [S]
2. Psychological interventions for children with asthma  [R]
3. Psychotherapeutic interventions for adults with asthma  [R] [s]

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Dietary supplementation/modifications:

1. Calorie controlled diet for chronic asthma  [R]  [S]
2. Cow's milk protein avoidance and development of childhood wheeze in children with a family history of atopy  [R]
3. Dietary marine fatty acids (fish oil) for asthma in adults and children  [R]
4. Dietary salt reduction or exclusion for allergic asthma  [R] [s]
5. Monosodium glutamate avoidance for chronic asthma in adults and children  [P]
6. Selenium supplementation for asthma  [R] [s]
7. Tartrazine exclusion for allergic asthma  [R]
8. Vitamin C supplementation for asthma  [R] [s]

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Barrier methods for allergic asthma:

1. Feather versus non-feather bedding for asthma  [R]
2. House dust mite control measures for asthma  [R]  [S]
3. Pet allergen control measures for allergic asthma in children and adults  [R]  [S]

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Complementary Medicines:

1. Acupuncture for chronic asthma  [R]  [S]
2. Alexander technique for chronic asthma  [R]
3. Allergen immunotherapy for asthma  [R] [s]
4. Herbal interventions for chronic asthma in adults and children  [R]
5. Homeopathy for chronic asthma  [R] [s]
6. Speleotherapy for asthma  [R]

1. Chronic disease management programs for adults with asthma  [P]
2. Gastro-oesophageal reflux treatment for asthma in adults and children  [R] [s]

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1. Beclomethasone at different doses for chronic asthma  [R]
2. Beclomethasone versus budesonide for chronic asthma  [R]
3. Beclomethasone versus placebo for chronic asthma  [R]  [S]
4. Budesonide at different doses for chronic asthma  [R]
5. Budesonide versus placebo for chronic asthma in children and adults  [R]
6. Ciclesonide versus other inhaled steroids for chronic asthma in children and adults  [R]
7. Ciclesonide versus placebo for chronic asthma in adults and children  [R]
8. Fluticasone at different doses for chronic asthma in adults and children  [R]
9. Fluticasone versus beclomethasone or budesonide for chronic asthma in adults and children  [R] [s]
10. Fluticasone versus 'extrafine' HFA-beclomethasone dipropionate for chronic asthma in adults and children  [R]
11. Fluticasone versus placebo for chronic asthma in adults and children [R] 
12. High dose versus low dose inhaled corticosteroid as initial starting dose for asthma in adults and children  [R] [s]
13. Increased versus stable doses of inhaled steroids for exacerbations of chronic asthma in adults and children  [P]
14. Inhaled corticosteroid effects on bone metabolism in asthma and mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease  [R]
15. Inhaled corticosteroids versus sodium cromoglycate in children and adults with asthma  [R]
16. Inhaled steroids for episodic viral wheeze of childhood  [R]
17. Inhaled versus oral steroids for adults with chronic asthma  [R]
18. Intranasal corticosteroids for asthma control in people with coexisting asthma and rhinitis  [R] [s]
19. Mometasone for asthma in adults and children  [P]

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Steroid sparing agents:

1. Anti-IgE for chronic asthma  [R] [s]
2. Azathioprine as an oral corticosteroid sparing agent for asthma  [R] [s]
3. Chloroquine as a steroid sparing agent for asthma  [R] [s]
4. Colchicine as an oral corticosteroid sparing agent for asthma  [R] [s]
5. Cyclosporin as an oral corticosteroid sparing agent in stable asthma  [R]
6. Dapsone as an oral corticosteroid sparing agent for asthma  [R]  [S]
7. Gold as an oral corticosteroid sparing agent in stable asthma  [R]
8. Long-acting beta-2 agonists as an inhaled corticosteroid-sparing agent for chronic asthma in adults and children  [R]
9. Methotrexate as a steroid sparing agent for asthma in adults  [R]
10. Troleandomycin as an oral corticosteroid sparing agent in stable asthma  [R]

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Bronchodilator therapy:

1. Addition of inhaled long-acting beta2-agonists to inhaled steroids as first line therapy for persistent asthma in steroid-naive adults and children  [R]
2. Anticholinergic agents for chronic asthma in adults  [R] [s]
3. Anticholinergic drugs for wheeze in children under the age of two years  [R]
4. Anticholinergic therapy for chronic asthma in children over two years of age  [R]  [S]
5. Caffeine for asthma  [R]
6. Inhaled beta2-agonists for asthma in mechanically ventilated patients  [R]
7. Inhaled short acting beta2-agonist use in chronic asthma: regular versus as needed treatment  [R]  [S]
8. Long-acting beta2-agonists for chronic asthma in adults and children where background therapy contains varied or no inhaled corticosteroid [R] [s]
9. Long-acting beta2-agonists as an inhaled corticosteroid-sparing agent for chronic asthma in adults and children  [R]
10. Long-acting beta2-agonists versus anti-leukotrienes as add-on therapy to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma  [R]  [S]
11. Long acting beta2-agonists versus theophylline for maintenance treatment of asthma  [R]  [s]
12. Oral xanthines as maintenance treatment for asthma in children  [R]
13. Pressurised metered dose inhalers versus all other hand-held inhaler devices to deliver beta-2 agonist bronchodilators for non-acute asthma  [R]
14. Regular treatment with formoterol and an inhaled corticosteroid versus regular treatment with salmeterol and an inhaled corticosteroid for chronic asthma: serious adverse events  [R]
15. Regular treatment with formoterol for chronic asthma: serious adverse events  [R] 
16. Regular treatment with formoterol versus regular treatment with salmeterol for chronic asthma: serious adverse events  [R]
17. Regular treatment with long acting beta agonists versus daily regular treatment with short acting beta agonists in adults and children with stable asthma  [R]  [S]
18. Regular treatment with salmeterol for chronic asthma: serious adverse events  [R]
19. Short acting beta2-agonists for recurrent wheeze in children under two years of age  [R]

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Combined therapies:

1. Addition of anti-leukotriene agents to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma  [R]  [s]
2. Addition of long-acting beta2-agonists to inhaled steroids as first line therapy for persistent asthma in steroid-naive adults and children  [R]
3. Addition of long-acting beta2-agonists to inhaled steroids versus higher dose inhaled steroids in adults and children with persistent asthma  [R]  
4. Antihistamines used in addition to topical nasal steroids for intermittent and persistent allergic rhinitis in children  [R]
5. Anti-leukotriene agents compared to inhaled corticosteroids in the management of recurrent and/or chronic asthma in adults and children  [R]  [S]
6. Long-acting beta2-agonists versus anti-leukotrienes as add-on therapy to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma  [R]
7. Combination fluticasone and salmeterol versus fixed dose combination budesonide and formoterol for chronic asthma in adults and children  [R]
8. Combination formoterol and budesonide as maintenance and reliever therapy versus inhaled steroid maintenance for chronic asthma in adults and children  [R]
9. Combination formoterol and inhaled steroid versus beta2-agonist as relief medication for chronic asthma in adults and children  [R]
10. Combination inhaled steroid and long-acting beta-agonist versus fast-acting beta agonist as relief medication for chronic asthma in adults and children  [P]
11. Combined corticosteroid and long-acting beta-agonist in one inhaler for chronic asthma  [P]
12. Long-acting beta2-agonists versus anti-leukotrienes as add-on therapy to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma  [R]
13. Regular treatment with formoterol and an inhaled corticosteroid versus regular treatment with salmeterol and an inhaled corticosteroid for chronic asthma: serious adverse events  [R]
14. Regular treatment with formoterol and inhaled steroids for chronic asthma: serious adverse events  [R]
15. Regular treatment with salmeterol and inhaled steroids for chronic asthma: serious adverse events  [R]

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Anti-leukotriene agents:

1. Anti-leukotriene agents compared to inhaled corticosteroids in the management of recurrent and/or chronic asthma in adults and children  [R] [s]

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Delivery of drug treatments:

1. Holding chambers versus nebulisers for inhaled steroids in chronic asthma  [R] [s]
2. Nebulisers versus hand-held inhalers to deliver beta-2 agonist bronchodilator drugs in non-acute asthma  [P]
3. Pressurised metered dose inhalers versus all other hand-held inhaler devices to deliver beta-2 agonist bronchodilators for non-acute asthma  [R]

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1. Beta-2 agonists for exercise induced asthma  [P]
2. Inhaled corticosteroids compared to placebo for prevention of exercise induced bronchoconstriction   [R]
3. Mast-cell stabilising agents to prevent exercise-induced bronchoconstriction  [R]  [s]
4. Nedocromil sodium for preventing exercise-induced bronchoconstriction  [R]
5. Nedocromil sodium versus sodium cromoglycate for preventing exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in asthmatics  [R]

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Other:

1. Azoles for allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis associated with asthma  [R] [s]
2. Cardioselective beta-blockers for reversible airway disease  [R]
3. Inhaled sodium cromoglycate for asthma in children  [R]  [S]
4. Ketotifen alone or as additional medication for long-term control of asthma and wheeze in children  [R]  [s]
5. Macrolides for chronic asthma  [R]
6. Nedocromil sodium for chronic asthma in children  [R]
7. Nedocromil sodium for preventing exercise-induced bronchoconstriction  [R]
8. Oxatomide for stable asthma in adults and children  [R] [s]
9. Phosphodiasterase III inhibitors for chronic asthma  [P]
10. Pneumococcal vaccine for asthma  [R]
11. Tailored interventions based on exhaled nitric oxide versus clinical symptoms for asthma in children and adults  [R]
12. Vaccines for preventing influenza in people with asthma  [R] [s]

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1. Beclomethasone for asthma in children: effects on linear growth  [R]
2. Inhaled steroids for episodic viral wheeze of childhood  [R]

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Bronchodilator therapy:

1. Addition of long-acting beta-agonists to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma in children  [R]
2. Anticholinergic therapy for chronic asthma in children over two years of age  [R] [s]
3. Anticholinergic drugs for wheeze in children under the age of two years  [R]
4. Pressurised-metered dose inhalers versus other hand-held inhalation devices for the delivery of inhaled corticosteroid therapy in children with non-acute asthma  [P]
5. Short acting beta2-agonists for recurrent wheeze in children under two years of age  [R]  

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Other:

1. Inhaled sodium cromoglycate for asthma in children  [R] [s]
2. Ketotifen alone or as additional medication for long-term control of asthma and wheeze in children  [R] [s]
3. Nedocromil sodium for chronic asthma in children  [R]
4. Oral xanthines as maintenance treatment of childhood asthma  [R]

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